While still young, he was promoted by King Solomon to be the chief superintendent of the bands of forced laborers from the tribe of "Joseph," referring normally to both Ephraim and Manasseh, working on projects in Jerusalem.. Solomon, however, had incurred the disapproval of the . Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. 4For when Solomon was old his wives turned away his heart after other gods, and yhis heart was not wholly true to the Lord his God, zas was the heart of David his father. Israels identity and faith was tied to a city which was no longer part of their nation. How many minutes does it take to drive 23 miles? Biblical Hermeneutics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for professors, theologians, and those interested in exegetical analysis of biblical texts. ), first king of post-Solomonic Israel; son of Nebat and Zeruah, from the town of Zeredah in Ephraim (I Kings 11:26). 30Then Ahijah laid hold of the new garment that was on him, vand tore it into twelve pieces. As the author of 1 Kings compiled the various documents available to them into a cohesive narrative, they examined Israels history from a contemporary lens. Jeroboam I (/ d r b o. And hRehoboam his son reigned in his place. Jeroboam was among them, and after Solomon saw how well the young man did his work, he put him in charge of the whole labor force of the tribes of Joseph (1 Kings 11:28). 4And as for you, if you will pwalk before me, qas David your father walked, with integrity of heart and uprightness, doing according to all that I have commanded you, and keeping my statutes and my rules, And Jeroboam arose, and fled into Egypt, to Shishak king of Egypt, and was in Egypt until the death of Solomon. 11Moreover, jthe fleet of Hiram, which brought kgold from Ophir, brought from Ophir a very great amount of almug wood and precious stones. Counting and finding real solutions of an equation. The consequences of David's goodness fall on Solomon, and the consequences of Solomon's evil fall on Rehoboam. 24And he gathered men about him and became leader of a marauding band, pafter the killing by David. l. 1. p. 50. 29And the prophet took up the body of the man of God and laid it on the donkey and brought it back to the city2 to mourn and to bury him. 1. 5the food of his table, the seating of his officials, and the attendance of his servants, their clothing, his cupbearers, and his burnt offerings that he offered at the house of the Lord, there was no more breath in her. David Cochran Heath (19522022) was a narrator who worked on over 140 audiobooks. Rather than listen to the cries of his people and heed the wisdom of his fathers advisors, Rehoboam instead turned to the council of his inexperienced companions. Based on the Septuagint it is translated as "fortress" from which many assume this is also the meaning of the phrase "house of Millo" in Judges 9:20. addition describes Jeroboam (in a passage clearly suggested by what is recorded in 1Kings 11:19-20 about Hadad) as receiving from Shishak Ano, the elder sister of Thekemina (Tahpenes), his queen, which involves an anachronism, for Tahpenes belonged to an earlier Pharaoh. How can virtual classrooms help students become more independent and self-motivated learners? 32:5). 12And their father said to them, Which way did he go? And his sons showed him the way that the man of God who came from Judah had gone. 22But the word of God came to xShemaiah the man of God: 16King Solomon made 200 large shields of beaten gold; 600 shekels2 of gold went into each shield. He was, therefore, king for the last fifteen years of Solomons reign; and his favourable reception of the rebel Jeroboam indicates a natural change of attitude towards the Israelite power. 13However, iI will not tear away all the kingdom, but jI will give one tribe to your son, for the sake of David my servant and for the sake of Jerusalem kthat I have chosen., 14And the Lord raised up an adversary against Solomon, Hadad the Edomite. As to the reason for Jeroboam's rebellion, I will base my answer on five main points. 28So the king took counsel and dmade two calves of gold. 38And if you will listen to all that I command you, and will walk in my ways, and do what is right in my eyes by keeping my statutes and my commandments, as David my servant did, cI will be with you and dwill build you a sure house, as I built for David, and I will give Israel to you. Anyone who wanted to become a priest he consecrated for the high places. ". well as the daughter of Pharaoh: women of the Moabites, Ammonites, The Egyptian date for his accession is 980 or 983 B.C., which synchronizes, according to the ordinary Hebrew reckoning, with Solomon's 32nd or 35th year. But while the account in 1 Kings saw tenth century events through a much later perspective, theres still a lot we can learn from it: Even though this account of Jeroboams career has been shaped to conform to the later perspectives of its author, most scholars believe that critical investigation of this complexevidently drawn from archival texts, historical reports, prophetic oracles, and legends, etc.can yield reliable information about the 10th-century situation. The Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary. - Lawrence Jun 7, 2018 at 16:30 Add a comment 2 27And the king made silver as common in Jerusalem as stone, and he made cedar as plentiful as tthe sycamore of the Shephelah. Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers, Keil and Delitzsch Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament. For it appears that he was not of the old royal line, but the founder of a new dynasty (the 23rd), called the Bubastite dynasty, in which several names are believed to have a Semitic origin, arguing foreign extraction; and in one genealogical table his ancestors appear not to have been of royal rank. Is it possible to control it remotely? 21wWhen Rehoboam came to Jerusalem, he assembled all the house of Judah and the tribe of Benjamin, 180,000 chosen warriors, to fight against the house of Israel, to restore the kingdom to Rehoboam the son of Solomon. Literature about the category of finitary monads. The people were not in rebellion until Jeroboam came back as son in-law to a Pharaoh. But it may have been several years later. 980. But thats not what happened. I addressed the grievances from a historical standpoint. Like all kings and rulers, Jeroboam was established by God, used by God, and removed by God just as quickly. And his sons1 came and told him all that the man of God had done that day in Bethel. 16(Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up and captured Gezer and burned it with fire, and had killed fthe Canaanites who lived in the city, and had given it as dowry to ghis daughter, Solomons wife; 26qJeroboam the son of Nebat, ran Ephraimite of Zeredah, a servant of Solomon, whose mothers name was Zeruah, a widow, also slifted up his hand against the king. way; and he had clothed himself with a new garment, and the two were These building projects required a lot of quarrying, artisanship and logging. 21ltheir descendants who were left after them in the land, mwhom the people of Israel were unable to devote to destruction4nthese Solomon drafted to be oslaves, and so they are to this day. And Jeroboam arose, and fled into Egypt, unto Shishak king of Egypt, and was in Egypt until the death of Solomon. 19uSo Israel has been in rebellion against the house of David to this day. orchards, and I planted all [kinds] of fruit trees in them. 23These were the chief officers who were over Solomons work: q550 rwho had charge of the people who carried on the work. 18They set out from Midian and came to mParan and took men with them from Paran and came to Egypt, to Pharaoh king of Egypt, who gave him a house and assigned him an allowance of food and gave him land. 28 The man Jeroboam . 1 Kings 10. His name was Jeroboam. Its anachronistic and propagandistic elements suggest to Hoffmann (1980: 5973) and Van Seters (1983: 31314) that the entire account is a late invention without any historical basis. Solomon, seeing that the young man was industrious, made him the father put a heavy yoke on you, I will add to your yoke; my father If he obeyed God, he would have a dynasty as enduring as Davids. Copyright 2023, Bible Study Tools. Hearing that God had anointed Jeroboam, Solomon moved to kill the would-be usurper. Solomon upon learning that God was going to make him King of the Jeroboam and all the assembly pleaded forrelief from heavy burdens. 43 But theres also some controversy about how hes portrayed in the Bible. he threatened him and Jeroboam fled to Egypt. 27And this was the reason why he lifted up his hand against the king. 3And the Lord said to him, I have heard your prayer and your plea, which you have made before me. chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scourges!' You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. - user20490 Why did King Solomon have so many wives and concubines? 12But when Hiram came from Tyre to see the cities that Solomon had given him, they did not please him. 2And as soon as kJeroboam the son of Nebat heard of it (for lhe was still in Egypt, where he had fled from King Solomon), then Jeroboam returned from1 Egypt. If he obeyed God, he would have a dynasty as enduring as Davids (1 Kings 11:38). Jeroboam, however, escaped and fled to Egypt, where he was given political asylum by Shisak I, king of Egypt. And the king put them in nthe House of the Forest of Lebanon. Foreign wars, national turmoil, political coups, backstabbing, betrayal 1&2 Kings chronicles this unsettling and often violent three hundred and fifty years of Israels history. Jeroboam worried that if the northern Israelites continued making sacrifices at the temple in Jerusalem, they would turn against him (1 Kings 12:26-27). The very first thing the Bible says about Jeroboam is that he rebelled against the king (1 Kings 11:26), but the details of that initial act of rebellion are a little fuzzy. Rehoboam succeeds him, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers, OT History: 1 Kings 11:40 Solomon sought therefore to kill Jeroboam (1Ki iKi i Ki 1 Kg 1kg). myself water pools from which to water the growing trees of the grove. 4) Ancient arrogance of the Ephraimites along with the Ephraim vs Judah rivalry (Jos 7:14-17, Judg 8:1 & 12:1): The man Jeroboam was a mighty man of valor; and But it seems that these were allegations that Jeroboam brought to the people to incite rebellion among the people against Solomon. However, modern scholars believe the author of 1 Kings put words in Ahijahs mouth. He remained in exile there until Solomon died. houses, and planted myself vineyards. While there are a range of theories about who Jeroboam wouldve selected for the priesthood based on his intent to return Israel to older traditions, the chronicler claims he appointed priests for the high places from all sorts of people. Practically every commentary you will come across is silent regarding vs. 27 of chapter 11 (I Kings). When Solomon heard that God had chosen Jeroboam to rule, the king tried to kill Jeroboam, who fled to Egypt (verse 40). 33After this thing Jeroboam did not turn from his evil way, but made priests for the high places again from among all the people. In the same prophecy where Ahijah predicts the fall of Jeroboams house, he connects Jeroboams sin to the Assyrian exile which would come centuries later: The Lord will raise up for himself a king over Israel who will cut off the family of Jeroboam. old, that his wives turned his heart after other gods; and his heart 21And he cried to the man of God who came from Judah, Thus says the Lord, Because you have disobeyed the word of the Lord and have not kept the command that the Lord your God commanded you, Salem Media Group. He came from the town of Zeredah in Ephraim, and his mother was Zeruah, a widow. This tendency had existed since the days of David. house. Why Does God Compare Our Relationship with Him to That of a Bride and Groom? (This wouldve been a big no-no.) 5He said to them, nGo away for three days, then come again to me. So the people went away. There was none that followed the house of David but vthe tribe of Judah only. great post but not an answer :( i was asking about a specific biblical passage, it was not a general question about what caused the rebellion. The end result was that Yahweh sent the nation into exile when it fell to the Assyrians (2 Kgs 17:2123).. They also told to their father the words that he had spoken to the king. The Beginners Guide to the Bible explores how each of the Bibles 66 books fit into the big picture, and youll walk away with enough knowledge to have a thoughtful conversation about this important book with a pastor, an atheist, or anyone else. 22For the king had oa fleet of ships of Tarshish at sea with the fleet of Hiram. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. He even admits that his father chastised them with whips. alone in the field 14lNow the weight of gold that came to Solomon in one year was 666 talents of gold, 15besides that which came from the explorers and from the business of the merchants, and from all the kings of the west and from the governors of the land. 9for so was it commanded me by the word of the Lord, saying, You shall neither eat bread nor drink water nor return by the way that you came. 13Therefore he said, What kind of cities are these that you have given me, my brother? So they are called the land of aCabul to this day. 40 Solomon tried to kill Jeroboam, but Jeroboam fled to Egypt, to Shishak the king, and stayed there until Solomon's death. And he placed in Bethel jthe priests of the high places that he had made. oMy eyes and my heart will be there for all time. From the standpoint of the scribes who wrote and preserved the books of Kings and Chronicles, Jeroboam abandoned the Torah and set in motion the eventual fall of the Northern Kingdom to the Assyrians. The Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary suggests there was a less arbitrary reason for changing the day of the festival: This, again, reflects the pejorative judgment of the writer. From prophets like Moses to Joshua. He decided to flex his political muscles, declaring, whereas my father loaded you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke; my father disciplined you with whips, but I will discipline you with scorpions. (1 Kings 12:14). Jeroboams rise to power began with a promise from God. 26 q Jeroboam the son of Nebat, r an Ephraimite of Zeredah, a servant of Solomon, whose mother's name was Zeruah, a widow, also s lifted up his hand against the king. Most do not. The author of Kings portrays Jeroboam as the anti-David. Years later, Jeroboams son Nadab became king, and Baasha (son of a different man named Ahijah) killed him, claimed the throne, and wiped out Jeroboams entire family (1 Kings 15:29). 26 q Jeroboam the son of Nebat, r an Ephraimite of Zeredah, a servant of Solomon, whose mother's name was Zeruah, a widow, also s lifted up his hand against the king. He was, therefore, king for the last fifteen years of Solomon's reign; and his favourable reception of the rebel Jeroboam indicates a natural change of attitude towards the Israelite power. Then Solomon's servant, Jeroboam the son of Nebat, an Ephraimite from Zereda, whose mother's name was Zeruah, a widow, also rebelled against the king. Now, in the final stage of . While Jeroboam may have seen his choices as a return to ancient Jewish traditions, they were at least in part motivated by his desire to retain power, and they amounted to a deviation from Gods commands. 25And behold, men passed by and saw the body thrown in the road and the lion standing by the body. Contextually, one often has to regard historical setting and events to develop an accurate understanding of a specific text. 9And he said to them, What do you advise that we answer this people who have said to me, Lighten the yoke that your father put on us? These cultural dilution was sponsored by the palace and would have disrupted social harmony. He married Anu who was a member of the Egyptian royal family. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. What Every Christian Should Know about the Protestant Reformation. The passages that discuss Jeroboams religious practices are pretty heavily biased, which has led scholars to hold mixed views about their authenticity: The account clearly serves the Deuteronomistic historians polemical purposes against Jeroboam and the N kingdom. So after seeking advice, he brought back a familiar form of worship: the good ol golden calf. Solomon had laborers build terraces in Jerusalem and fill in a gap in the wall. 27And Hiram sent wwith the fleet his servants, seamen who were familiar with the sea, together with the servants of Solomon. Does methalox fuel have a coking problem at all? Distraught, the king asked the prophet to pray to God to heal his arm. So Jeroboam ran away to Egypt. The Septuagint contains some additional details (such as the claim that his mother was a prostitute), but scholars question or outright dismiss the reliability of these additions. I will answer this question soon Bach. 208K views, 25K likes, 8.6K loves, 132K comments, 25K shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Zion Prayer Movement Outreach: NIGHT OF OPEN HEAVEN (22ND APRIL,. 30Then fthis thing became a sin, for the people went as far as Dan to be before one.2 Jeroboams action is better understood as a reversion to an old agrarian calendar followed in the N which had been altered when a full-scale synchronization of divergent calendars was instituted by David or Solomon (Talmon 1958: 5657). 13And he said to his sons, Saddle the donkey for me. So they saddled the donkey for him and he mounted it. 28 Jeroboam was a very important young man. Solomon was rebuilding the supporting terraces and repairing the walls of the city of his father, David. Article Images Copyright 2023 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. 19and all the store cities that Solomon had, and ithe cities for his chariots, and the cities for jhis horsemen, and whatever Solomon kdesired to build in Jerusalem, in Lebanon, and in all the land of his dominion. 5The altar also was torn down, and the ashes poured out from the altar, according to the sign that the man of God had given by the word of the Lord. Wait There Were How Many Herods?! Jeroboam's rebellion cannot be explained by only one verse of scripture. At this time, Jeroboam returned to Israel and appeared before Rehoboam on behalf of the people, asking the new king to alleviate some of the high taxes and heavy labor placed upon them during his fathers reign (1 Kings 12:1-5). 41fNow the rest of the acts of Solomon, and all that he did, and his wisdom, are they not written in the Book of the Acts of Solomon? Did King Solomon make the Israelites his servants? Solomon sought therefore to kill Jeroboam Which is another instance of his folly, to seek to detest the counsel of God, when he himself was assured by the Lord the kingdom should be rent, and given to his servant, ( 1 Kings 11:11 ) and especially if he was informed of what passed between Ahijah and Jeroboam, as it should seem by this he was; either through Ahijah's making no secret of it, or through Jeroboam not being able to keep his own counsel, or through the report of the servants what they saw done, ( 1 Kings 11:29 ) , which Solomon would easily understand: and Jeroboam arose and fled into Egypt; the common sanctuary of persons in distress in those days: unto Shishak king of Egypt; either the father in law or the brother in law of Solomon, or one of another family, on whom the kingdom devolved; and who might not have any good respect for Solomon, and therefore Jeroboam thought himself safe with him: this is the only king of Egypt, in Scripture, that is called by his own name, and not Pharaoh; he is generally supposed to be the same with the Sesostris of Herodotus F20, and the Vexoris or Vexosis of Justin F21; and the rather he may be meant, since, according to Herodotus F23, he was the only king of Egypt that ruled over the Ethiopians: and Strabo says F24 he was the first that subdued Ethiopia and the country of the Troglodytes; also Diodorus Siculus affirms F25, that he fought with the Ethiopians dwelling to the south, and obliged them to pay tribute; out of which countries Shishak brought many with him in his expedition against Jerusalem, ( 2 Chronicles 12:2 2 Chronicles 12:3 ). 2from the nations concerning which the Lord had said to the people of Israel, xYou shall not enter into marriage with them, neither shall they with you, for surely they will turn away your heart after their gods. Solomon clung to these in love. It was certainly not earlier than Solomon's twenty-fourth year, since it was after the building of Millo 1 Kings 11:27. The endless building projects in the days of Solomon. I acquired male and female servants, and had servants born in my When he returned, the tribal feud between Ephraim and Judah gave him his great opportunity. But the tribes of Joseph had always had a superiority complex from the days of Joshua, Gideon and Jephtah. Thanks for contributing an answer to Biblical Hermeneutics Stack Exchange! 2.) 1 Kings 11:1. This punishment was due to the apostasy of Solomon's house (verse 33). 7but I did not believe the reports until I came and my own eyes had seen it. 28And he went and found his body thrown in the road, and the donkey and the lion standing beside the body. (government division). Jeroboams choice of date for this festival was thus an integral part of his overall plan to restore traditional practices in the N.. To understand this point, we have to use the witness of Rehoboam to provide insight into just how oppressive Solomon had become. God found fault in Solomon and used Jeroboam to lead 10 tribes. 40 Solomon tried to kill Jeroboam, but Jeroboam fled to Egypt, to Shishak the king, and stayed there until Solomon's death. Get Your Bible Minute in Your Inbox Every Morning. Prior to becoming the king of the north, Jeroboam was a servant of King Solomon, a skilled worker, and a valiant warrior. As a labor secretary of sorts, Jeroboam would have had an ear to the ground and been well-acquainted with and even sympathetic to the growing discontent amongst Israels workforce. Now it happened at that time, when Jeroboam went out of Jerusalem, 9jAs soon as Solomon had finished building the house of the Lord kand the kings house and lall that Solomon desired to build,
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