46, 269283. There is the . Our findings are similar to the past research showing the utilisation of social media is related to positive student outcomes, e.g. Therefore, we hypothesised that; H3a: Cyberbullying moderates the relationship between student use of social media and their intrinsic motivation., H3b: The is a moderating role of cyberbullying on the association between students use of social media and academic engagement through intrinsic motivation, H3b: The is a moderating role of cyberbullying on the association between students use of social media and student creativity through intrinsic motivation. A Theory of social comparison processes. Having experienced these negative emotions, students might repeatedly check their messages on social media or get addicted to them. Hu et al. According to Iwamoto and Chun (2020), anxiety and depression are the negative emotions that an individual may develop when some source of stress is present. Social media is a form of communication in which people exchange information and ideas in virtual communities and networks. Students can be taught to develop self-appreciation and self-care while continuing to use the media to their benefit. questions on the impact of social media on students behavior. If those somehow in charge of student affairs in educational settings are aware of the potential positive or negative effects of social media usage on students, they can better understand the complexities of students needs and are better capable of meeting them. (2012). Introduction: Assessing the social and political impact of the internet and new social media in Asia. These researchers also showed that social media sources can exert negative affective impacts on teenagers, as they can induce more envy and social comparison. Stapel, D. A. J. Behav. The data required for this research were collected through a survey conducted in the Anhui Province of P.R. doi: 10.1037/xge0000528, PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar, Abbott, J. Though teacher psychology has only recently been considered for research, the literature has provided profound insights into teachers developing stress, motivation, self-esteem, and many other emotions. In the case of the latter, learners might develop unrealistic expectations of themselves by comparing themselves to others. It usually leads to reduced productivity, reduced academic achievement, and addiction to constant media use (Alahmar, 2016). These researchers found a positive association between the passive use of the Facebook and depression and also between the active use of the social media and depression. Tracking effects of problematic social networking on adolescent psychopathology: The mediating role of sleep disruptions. The study made use of a survey approach and a questionnaire was used to gather data for the study. Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: How social media use is related to student engagement and creativity: investigating through the lens of intrinsic motivation, a University of Waikato Joint Institute (NZUWI), Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Peoples Republic of China;b School of Accounting, Finance & Economics (SAFE), Waikato Management School, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand, c Institute of Business Management and Administrative Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, Social Media for Knowledge-Sharing: A Systematic Literature Review, A Model of Factors Affecting Learning Performance Through the use of Social Media in Malaysian Higher Education, The Impact of Social Media use on Academic Performance among University Students: A Pilot Study, How Cyber Stalking and Cyber Bullying Affect Students Open Learning, Linking Dimensions of Social Media use to job Performance: The Role of Social Capital, The Development of STEAM Educational Policy to Promote Student Creativity and Social Empowerment, Factors Affecting Student Engagement in HEIs-it is all About Good Teaching. The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. University students psychological needs might be different from other academic grades and, thus, the patterns of changes that the overall use of social networking can create in their emotions can be also different. (2020) provided a systematic review of the effect of social media on young and teenage students depression, psychological distress, and anxiety. The student engagement comprises several factors, for example, engaging in the academic experience, interacting with teachers and other fellow students, participating in co-curricular activities (Pascarella and Terenzini Citation2005), becoming part of a learning community (Almarghani and Mijatovic Citation2017) and becoming part of student discussions (Cunha, van Kruistum, and van Oers Citation2016), and sharing of information and ideas (Osatuyi Citation2013). Thus, significantly more research is needed in different contexts and cultures to compare the results. Table 3 reports the values of descriptive statistics and inter-correlations. Poor. 7, 117140. The impact of social media on social comparison and envy in teenagers: The moderating role of the parent comparing children and in-group competition among friends. Rev. Citation2020) in academia. Intrinsic motivation is positively associated with student outcomes (Bempechat and Shernoff Citation2012; Saeed and Zyngier Citation2012). Citation2020; Sugimoto et al. 6, 7783. Interaction between social media usage, intrinsic motivation, and cybe bullying. News. It should be reminded that the alleged socially supportive and communicative promises of the prevalent use of social networking in student life might not be fully realized in practice. Researchers believe that with the rapid growth of social media usage, cyberbullying has been increased, which results in severe psychological problems among the victims (Donoghue and Meltzer 2018; Olenik-Shemesh and Heiman 2017 ). doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2014.11.013, Barry, C. T., Sidoti, C. L., Briggs, S. M., Reiter, S. R., and Lindsey, R. A. doi: 10.1080/07370016.2014.926677, Wang, P., Wang, X., Wu, Y., Xie, X., Wang, X., Zhao, F., et al. These researchers found that the use of social media for more than 2 h a day was correlated with a higher intensity of psychological distress. Whatsapp (98.25%) and Youtube (91.75%) were the most commonly used social media applications. 27, 6979. (2018). Chukwuere, J. E., and Chukwuere, P. C. (2017). J. Adolesc. Stud. The exemplary works of research on this topic in recent years will be reviewed here, hoping to shed light on the positive and negative effects of these ever-growing influential platforms on the psychology of students. Coll. 13:1010766. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1010766. Citation2014). Raising learners awareness of this fact that individuals should develop their own path of development for learning, and not build their development based on unrealistic comparison of their competences with those of others, can help them consider positive values for their activities on social media and, thus, experience positive emotions. Also, these mixed positive and negative effects are similar to the findings of several other relevant studies on general populations psychological and emotional health. A social media questionnaire or survey is a full-proof method that can help you gather and interpret online behaviors. Concerning the negative effects of social media on students psychology, it can be argued that individuals may fail to understand that the content presented in social media is usually changed to only represent the attractive aspects of peoples lives, showing an unrealistic image of things. (Citation2017). We believe that the utilisation of social media may increase the individuals intrinsic motivation as social media by students may enhance their interest in academia (W. Al-Rahmi and Othman Citation2013; Wang, Tchernev, and Solloway Citation2012). (2017) explored the associations between the use of social media by adolescents and their psychosocial adjustment. Hassandra, Goudas, and Chroni (Citation2003), believe that the social factors such as media may enhance intrinsic motivation. Banjanin et al. Investigating cyberbullying as a boundary condition in our model adds value to our research as this helps us to understand the condition in which student utilisation of social media is linked with affirmative outcomes. Zhang, R. (2017). The higher education population was also studied by Iwamoto and Chun (2020). All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. The Impact of Social Media on the Academic Performance of Senior High School Students in First City Providential College Full Name (LNAME, FNAME, MNAME) Year and Section __________________ Gender o Male o Female o Other How old are you? Int. Soc. However, admittedly, social media has also generated a domain that encourages the act of comparing lives, and striving for approval; therefore, it establishes and internalizes unrealistic perceptions (Virden et al., 2014; Radovic et al., 2017). To establish construct validity, factor loadings of all the items of the variables of our study were computed. High. The findings of this research are noteworthy in the field of information system research and in the literature on education and social media as per our identification of positive association between the usage of social media by students and academic engagement and creativity. Compensatory programs might be needed at schools or universities to encourage students to avoid making unrealistic and impartial comparisons of themselves and the flamboyant images of others displayed on social media. This means that learners might have different emotions at different times or different contexts while being involved in social media. Future scholars can find alternative explanations for this relationship. Rev. Specifically, research has found a positive association of students intrinsic motivation with student engagement (Malik et al. This is an important finding in the era of digital technologies which helps us to understand why and how social media use by students is related to their academic engagement and creativity. The relationship between maladaptive perfectionism with burnout: Testing mediating effect of emotion-focused coping. Examples of such innovative research methods can be process tracing, qualitative comparative analysis, and longitudinal latent factor modeling (for a more comprehensive view, see Hiver and Al-Hoorie, 2019). In todays world driven by global communications in the cyberspace, teachers like everyone else are affecting and being affected by social networking. These researchers also found that this mediating effect was moderated by self-esteem. Inform. Stapel, D. A., and Koomen, W. (2000). 61, 111. This disscussion lead us to understand that social media usage by the students is definitely linked with the students creativity. 2. Telemed. The results of this study further reveal that intrinsic motivation intermediates the association among students utilisation of social media and its outcomes, for example, students engagement and creativity. This review can be insightful for teachers who tend to take the potential psychological effects of social media for granted. Why Conduct Social Media Surveys? (Citation2017); Malik et al. Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab. Psychol. Citation2020) and engagement (Junco Citation2012). Child Fam. Yet we know a little about the consequences of social media use among students. These researchers investigated the emotional effects of social media in higher education and found that the socially supportive role of social media was overshadowed in the long run in university students lives and, instead, fed into their perceived depression, anxiety, and stress. Our company (FIRSTKEY HOMES) is located at 1850 Parkway Pl Suite 900, Marietta, GA 30067, United States. According to the recent study in 2020, there are 3.5 billion active social media users worldwide which are about 45 percent of the total population. Six Questions Could Test For Social Media Addiction Increased social media use linked to developing depression, research finds Six simple screening questions can test for social media addiction, according to James Roberts, PhD, a marketing professor at Baylor Universitys Hankamer School of Business. Intrinsic motivation is important for individuals performance and work engagement (Hendijani et al. Chukwuere and Chukwuere (2017) maintained that social media platforms can be considered the most important source of changing individuals mood, because when someone is passively using a social media platform seemingly with no special purpose, s/he can finally feel that his/her mood has changed as a function of the nature of content overviewed. ISRA Med. J. Adolesc. Laura Tierney. Registered in England & Wales No. These researchers found a positive correlation between more than 2-h a day use of social media and anxiety and depression. 73.5% used social media to read health-related news, 71.5% used it to complete assignments and more than 50% used it for seminar preparation, test preparation and research-related purposes. This study showed significant associations between depression and the number of identity-related information pieces shared on this social network. For instance as a procedural remedy following the recommendations of Podsakoff, MacKenzie, and Podsakoff (Citation2012), we ensured our participants about the maintenance of their anonymity and abut the confidentiality of the information provided by them. As it will be reviewed below among the affective variables increased or decreased in students under the influence of the massive use of social media are anxiety, stress, depression, distress, rumination, and self-esteem. Q. Dumitrache et al. Hanprathet et al. The current research was intended to answer the questions, whether, how, and when the student's social media utilisation is related to their creativity and engagement in academia. This theory can contribute to the development of the ethical perception of students on social media. As such, we found that cyberbullying weakens the association among social media usage and of learner's engagement and creativity through intrinsic motivation. It means that the effect of addiction on depression was compounded by low self-esteem through rumination. 1-2 hours 3-4 4 + Other (please specify) 3. The findings of our study inform that students use of social media is associated with positive study outcomes (such as intrinsic motivation, students engagement, and student creativity) only when students experience less cyberbullying on social media. Citation2019) and motivation (Malik et al. To analyse the conditional indirect effects of students use of social media on student engagement and student creativity through students intrinsic motivation, we examined Cyberbullying across the levels (i.e. Is Social Media a tool that should be utilised by teachers? No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). Citation2019). Questionnaire On "The impact of social media-used on the education of university student" Salman Islam Introduction to Business Statistics. (2016). Furthermore, the perceived social support of the social media was found to mediate this association. Gen Z respondents from Europe and Oceania were most likely to report negative impacts from social media, and respondents from Asia were least likely (32 percent and 19 percent, respectively). Vernon et al. J. Average. Social Media have many serious problems and lead to significant issues for students, especially regarding their privacy or security, and cause distraction of studies. This study was purported to assess the impact of social media on student academic life. Creativity refers to the interaction among aptitude, process, and the environment by which an individual or group produces a perceptible product that is both novel and useful as defined within a social context (Plucker, Beghetto, and Dow Citation2004, 90). Creative students have more curiosity, come up with novel ideas and out of the box solutions. to ascertain the dominant reasons for using social media by distance learning students, to assess . February 2, 2022. J. Exp. Sampasa-Kanyinga and Lewis (2015) examined the relationship between social media use and psychological distress. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.79.6.1068, Tang, F., Wang, X., and Norman, C. S. (2013). Researchers believe that when individuals find interest in their work, they become self-motivated and perform better (Menges et al. Your participation is appreciated as it may help bring mental health Second, we are not only exploring the link concerning the student social media usage and its constructive academic outcomes, but we also describe the mediating mechanism in this relationship in the form of intrinsic motivation. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2015.0055, Sriwilai, K., and Charoensukmongkol, P. (2016). This study discusses how social media helps students of higher education. Research has mainly indicated that students emotional experiences are mainly dependent on teachers pedagogical approach. (2017). A total 50 students from each of the selected schools will be issued a questionnaire to fill for the study. life To be specific, this study aims at exploring the kind of social media students are familiar withhow , such social media is used by students of higher institution and the impact it making on their academic life. Results indicate that CR and CA of all the constructs were higher than the threshold value of 0.70, and AVE values were higher than the threshold value of 0.50 as recommended by past studies (Fornell and Larcker Citation1981; Hair et al. (2015) tested the relationship between too much use of social networking and depression, yet found no statistically significant correlation between these two variables. Third, future researchers can explore other ultimate outcomes of social media usage by students, such as well-being and career exploration. Similarly, Ley et al. Note: Unstandardised regression coefficients are shown; Bootstrap sample size=5000; LLCI=Bias corrected lower limit confidence interval; ULCI=Bias corrected upper limit confidence interval; Significant at: *p < 0.05; * *p < 0.01; and ***p<.001. Stud. Am. Therefore, the students who are the victims of cyberbullying are supposed to be less motivated, less engaged in study, and less creative. Results The results showed that 97% of the students used social media applications. Health 55, 141147. Results reported in Table 4 reveal that the usage of social media by students is positively associated with students intrinsic motivation (B=0.036, t=4.72, and p<0.001), students creativity (B=0.13, t=2.11, and p<0.05), and students engagement in academia (B=0.14, t=2.25, and p<0.05), supporting our hypotheses H1a and H1b. That is changing as scientists find new tools to answer the question . If you answered no to Q2, then would you be interested in using Social Media as an educational tool? These researchers found that increased investment in social media predicted higher depression in adolescent students, which was a function of the effect of higher levels of disrupted sleep. Topicality and impact in social media: Diverse messages, focused messengers. Yes No 4. No significant correlation was found between these two variables. This is a very critical finding of our study, which gets the attention of students, academicians, parents, and governments who should come up with ways to mitigate the negative impact of cyberbullying happening on the academic purpose of social media platforms. Recently, the concept of cyberbullying has gained popularity due to the extensive use of social media (Byrne, Vessey, and Pfeifer Citation2018; Lowry et al. entertainment, news presenter | 4.8K views, 28 likes, 13 loves, 80 comments, 2 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from GBN Grenada Broadcasting Network: GBN News 28th April 2023 Anchor: Kenroy Baptiste. Of the total 267 participants, 56.92% were female students, 57.30% were in the age group of 2125 years, and 52.44% were graduate students Table 1. As many conditions of the educational settings do not allow for having control groups or randomization, probably, experimental studies do not help with this. Behav. Zareen, N., Karim, N., and Khan, U. Insomnia partially mediated the association between problematic Internet use and depression among secondary school students in China. At The Social Institute, we believe most students are ahead of the curve when it comes to social media and technology. Note: Unstandardised regression coefficients are shown; LLCI=95% Bias corrected lower limit confidence interval; ULCI=95% Bias corrected upper limit confidence interval. Adolescent social media use and mental health from adolescent and parent perspectives. Jahnke, Haertel, and Wildt (Citation2017), are of the view that creativity in the students of higher education has become more relevant in the twenty-first century. Important practical and theoretical implications as well as limitations and directions for future research have been discussed. Social Media as Educational Tool - Students Questionnaire 1. Dumitrache, S. D., Mitrofan, L., and Petrov, Z. These results validate the moderating role of Cyberbullying on the association between usage of social media usage by students and students intrinsic motivation. Barry et al. This means that the ecology of the social media can make changes in the emotional experiences of learners. Research studies argue that cyberbullying negatively affects individuals outcomes (Kowalski et al. 9, 239247. For example, someone might be passively using a social media sphere, and s/he may finally find him/herself with a changed mood depending on the nature of the content faced. The results of research show that in this digital age, social media utilisation by students is an essential driver of creativity and engagement in academic activities. J. Contemp. The engagement of a student is the passion, concentration, and hope that they reveal during their study (Posner and Posner Citation2009). J. This may become increasingly important as students are seen to be using social media platforms more than before and social networking is becoming an integral aspect of their lives. For example, students self-efficacy may be one reason why students utilisation of social media is allied with positive results in academia. There are severe consequences of cyberbullying, which vary from psychological disorders to suicides (Cnat et al. For example, their employment-seeking spirits might lead them to create accounts in many social networks, hoping for a better future. Frison and Eggermont (2016) examined the relationships between different forms of Facebook use, perceived social support of social media, and male and female students depressed mood. Copyright 2022 Chen and Xiao. Citation2019) and creativity (Du et al. Thailand 98, S81S90. The impact of social media on social lifestyle: A case study of university female students. Cyberbullying is an abusive, threatening, and insulting behaviour of individuals that they adopt while using the internet (Neto and Barbosa Citation2019). This stress-provoking effect of social media has been also pinpointed by Weng and Menczer (2015), who contended that social media becomes a main source of stress because people often share all kinds of posts, comments, and stories ranging from politics and economics, to personal and social affairs. As described by Iwamoto and Chun (2020), when students are affected by social media posts, especially due to the increasing reliance on social media use in life, they may be encouraged to begin comparing themselves to others or develop great unrealistic expectations of themselves or others, which can have several affective consequences. Regarding the affordances of social media for learners, they can take advantage of the potential affordances of these media such as improving their literacy, broadening their communication skills, or enhancing their distance learning opportunities. PLoS One 10:e0118410. 17 Articles, This article is part of the Research Topic, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1010766, Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). Citation2020) and student innovation and creativity (Kinga et al. Universities can provide more on-campus resources both for research and work experience purposes from which the students can benefit more than the cyberspace that can be tricky on many occasions. . Whether trust in the safety of vaccines, trust in the necessity of lockdown measures, or trust in the very existence of the pandemic itself, successfully addressing the crisis has hinged on public confidence in government decisions. Though most of these studies were correlational, and correlation is not the same as causation, as the studies show that the number of participants experiencing these negative emotions under the influence of social media is significantly high, more extensive research is highly suggested to explore causal effects (Mathewson, 2020). Citation2020; Rauniar et al. (Olivier Douliery /AFP via . College students in distress: Can social media be a source of social support? The findings showed that the types and frequency of using social media and the students perceived mental health were significantly correlated with each other. Several other studies have already advocated for the positive impact of technology and social media on the student engagement (Cakir Citation2013; Chen, Lambert, and Guidry Citation2010; Schindler et al. The impact of social media on personal and professional lives: An Adlerian perspective. The job is pretty simple and straightforward. Based on this theory, social media can play the role of a mediational means between learners and the real environment. April 25, 2023 7:20 a.m. For years, the research picture on how social media affects teen mental health has been murky. Given the ubiquity of social media, these negative emotions can be replaced with positive emotions if learners become aware of the psychological effects of social media. Tools like bully tracer software and other similar practices can also be used to avoid cyberbullying when using social media for academic purposes. They found a significant positive correlation between more than 2-h use of social networks and the intensity of anxiety. Psihol. Affairs 29, 146160. The theories of motivation guide that the external factors affect individuals intrinsic motivation for learning (Garske and Arkes Citation1982; McAuley, Duncan, and Tammen Citation1989). Also in China, Wang et al. J. Med. The . Third, extending our research to examine a comprehensive model on the usage of social media of students, we are investigating cyberbullying as a boundary condition. The intrinsic motivation of our students was measured with a four-item scale developed by Jaramillo et al. Neira, B. C. J., and Barber, B. L. (2014). For example, our study used the cross-sectional research design, which has a threat of common method variance (CMV). The teachers cannot always be in a full control of students use of social media, and the other fact is that students do not always and only use social media for educational purposes. Drawing on the assumptions of this theory, we believe that students interest in educational activities can be enhanced through the utilisation of social media, which will create more engagement and creativity of students. The study is conducted using self designed interview schedule on 100 students of class IX and X from annually flood affected regions of Baksa district. Network. This consistent use of social media is not expected to leave students psychological, affective and emotional states untouched. doi: 10.1080/15374416.2016.1188702, Virden, A., Trujillo, A., and Predeger, E. (2014). Citation2019; Hinduja and Patchin Citation2017). Certainly, the educational space in todays world cannot do without the social media, which has turned into an integral part of everybodys life. doi: 10.1080/0144929X.2013.830335, Tsitsika, A. K., Tzavela, E. C., Janikian, M., lafsson, K., Iordache, A., Schoenmakers, T. M., et al. Psychol. doi: 10.1177/0894439314567449. Before getting down to the effects of social media on students emotional well-being, some exemplary works of research in recent years on the topic among general populations are reviewed. 3 Participants were requested to rank 13 factors, including technology and social media, on how they perceive their impact on mental health. Also, teachers can mediate between learners and social media to manipulate the time learners spend on social media. S/N Name of School Local Government Sampled respondents Adamawa State polytechnic, Yola North 50 2 Adamawa State University Mubi 50 3 Federal Mathewson, M. (2020). Pers. According to Fleck and Johnson-Migalski (2015), though social media, at first, plays the role of a stress-coping strategy, when individuals continue to see stressful conditions (probably experienced and shared by others in media), they begin to develop stress through the passage of time. As a result, their cognitive repertoire and mental capacity might become limited and they might lose their concentration during their learning process. The Task-8 of the 2023 International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation . Social media is being used for a variety of purposes, including messaging, emailing, knowledge sharing, chatting, advertising, buying and selling, booking of airlines and hotels, and studying. 6, 554563. Social media activity showed to be positively and moderately associated with depression and anxiety. These research highlights motivate us to suppose that intrinsic motivation may play the mediating role in the associations of student social media utilisation and its consequences (e.g. Innovative research methods, case studies or else, can be used to further explore the causal relations among the different features of social media use and the development of different affective variables in teachers or learners.
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