[2], The rash is usually quite symmetrical and characteristic for each individual, appearing similar with each recurrence, but can look dissimilar in different people. There are several types of "sun allergies," but polymorphous light eruption (PMLE), an autoimmune condition in the skin that occurs after sun exposure, is one of the most common. Polymorphic Light Eruption - Causes, Rash, Treatment - Health Jade Phototherapy All rights reserved. Some people may experience symptoms for longer than this, potentially all summer if they continue getting sun exposure, but this is uncommon. There is no cure for PLE, but the condition often gets better on its own in a few days. Researchers are not sure what causes PLE, but they believe it may occur due to a reaction by the immune system. doi:10.1111/jdv.12470. [16], The cases of this condition are most common between the spring and autumn months in the northern hemisphere and at higher altitudes. However, this test can lead to false negatives. Polymorphic light eruption. Suitable investigations to determine the exclusion of cutaneous lupus erythematosus include full blood count; circulating antinuclear antibodies (ANA); extractable nuclear antigens (ENA); and direct immunofluorescence on histopathology. In rare cases, PMLE causes symptoms such as: In general, symptoms of PMLE last for two to three days. The site is secure. The hardening effect, where further exposure to UV prevents the eruption, is not fully understoodand could involve tanning, hyperkeratosis, and acanthosis of the epidermis, and/or the development of immunological tolerance. The eruption is usually symmetrically distributed in a patchy fashion and typically does not involve all of the exposed skin. If you have a rash in addition to other symptoms that are more serious, you may need emergency care. Before Avoid sunlight, choose shaded areas if outdoors and sit away from windows. [5], Photosensitivity is also found in some of the porphyrias. These changes are thought to restore the skins normal immunosuppressive response to UV light and hence reducing or resolving PMLE over time. This can explain why it is uncommon to get PMLE in areas of the face or hands due to their chronic exposure to the sun compared to other areas of the body. [15], Other similar appearing conditions are solar urticaria, which has a shorter duration, the eczema-like condition, photosensitive dermatitis,[2] and photosensitivity drug reaction. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Disclaimer. Figure 3 [2][6] At these areas, there may be feelings of burning[9] and severe itching. J Invest Dermatol. Topics AZ Four times more common in women than men. UV-induced tolerance to a contact allergen is impaired in polymorphic light eruption. [6], People vary in the amount of sun exposure needed to trigger the rash. Skin reactions to the sun - CHOC - Children's health hub Patterson JW. [3] The bumps may become small blistersor plaques and may appear bloody,[3]often healing with minimal scarring. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. PLE can look like other skin conditions, some of which require prompt treatment. What tests do I need? Is this condition temporary or long lasting? 2010;62(1):1501. A long-term follow-up study of 94 patients", "13. There is a genetic susceptibility in 1546% of cases where a positive family history is reported. Experts recommend using sunscreen thats SPF 50, broad spectrum (meaning it blocks both UVA and UVB rays), and water-resistant. PLE causes small bumps or raised plaques on the skin. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2014.03.012. It lasts for up to 2 weeks, healing without scarring. Idiopathic photodermatosis; Immunomediated photodermatosis; Minimal erythema dose; Photoprovocation tests; Phototests; Polymorphous light eruption; UV light. It most often (about 75% of cases) begins in females aged 20 to 40 years but may start in childhood or later in life. Disclaimer. It mimics the increased exposure you would experience during a summer. She spent most of her time on the beach, in the shade. Both ultraviolet and occasionally visible light cause PMLE. Twin studies indicate a polygenic model may explain familial clustering. When? Do you have any brochures or other printed material I can take with me? Do they require any special preparation? The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The symptoms are usually self-limiting and go away after a few days. The mechanism of PLE is under active research as shown by recent results, and it is hypothesized that in PLE patients, there is a partial failure of ultraviolet radiation-induced immunosuppression, causing an abnormal response to autologous antigens generated by ultraviolet radiation (UVR). If there is still doubt about the cause of the symptoms, a doctor may recommend tests to rule out other explanations. Has the duration of your sunlight exposure increased recently? J Am Acad Dermatol. Doctors think it is a type of delayed allergic reaction. PMC [5] In addition, it may occur in other parts of the body in some people treated for inflammatory skin diseases with phototherapy. Polymorphous light eruption: clinic aspects and pathogenesis. Polymorphous light eruption (PMLE) is a common skin rash that develops in people who are sensitive to ultraviolet (UV) light. UV-A, unlike UV-B, can penetrate window glassand is less well blocked by sunscreens. Wolf P, Gruber-Wackernagel A, Bambach I, et al. and transmitted securely. A study across Europe found that PMLE affects as much as 18 percent of the population there. 2004 Feb;122(2):291-4. doi: 10.1046/j.0022-202X.2004.22213.x. Exposure to sunlight in spring or summer results in an irritable rash that resolves within a few days, providing further exposure is avoided. Policy. A clinical diagnosis of polymorphic light eruption can be made based on a history of a pruritic eruption occurring following sun exposure and previous episodes in spring or summer. Erythema multiforme, Pathology of the Skin (Fourth edition, 2012). Epub 2017 Jul 17. As the name suggests, clinical features can vary poly meaning many, morphic meaning forms. This may explain why females are much more likely to develop PLE than males, as they have more estrogen. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/understanding-over-counter-medicines/sunscreen-how-help-protect-your-skin-sun. Spongiosis, vesicle formation, and liquefaction degeneration may be seen dependent on the clinical signs. DermNet provides Google Translate, a free machine translation service. [2], Recurring yearly, the eruption can sometimes last longer than a few days if persistent and repeated sun exposure occurs. American Academy of Dermatology. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Duteil L, Queille-Roussel C, Aladren S, Bustos X, Trullas C, Granger C, Krutmann J, Passeron T. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). Lupus Lupus will also show a superficial and deep dermatitis but there is also often basement membrane thickening and dermal mucin. Polymorphous light eruption: Pictures and treatments - Medical News Today [5][6] It is also particularly more prevalent in Central Europe and Scandinavia. 8600 Rockville Pike //]]>. But the severity often improves with time. Kittler H, Hnigsmann H, Tanew A: Antinuclear antibodies in patients with polymorphic light eruption: a long-term follow-up study. Polymorphic light eruption Ultraviolet radiation causes less immunosuppression in patients with polymorphic light eruption than in controls. A 2014 study suggests that nutrition may also play a role in how sensitive a persons skin is to sun exposure. It often reduces in severity over time and eventually resolves with a lower prevalence in older people. This exposes the skin to small doses of UVA or UVB light that helps your skin be less sensitive to light. It is also known as polymorphous light eruption, sun allergy, sun poisoning, prurigo aestivalis, summer eruption/prurigo, or eczema solare. [CDATA[ Dermatology Made Easybook. While the rash varies from person to person, the particular rash you get will typically be similar every time it happens. Clinical and therapeutic aspects of polymorphous light eruption. Skin diseases due to physical and chemical causes", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polymorphous_light_eruption&oldid=1127125983, Skin conditions resulting from physical factors, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Shortly after sun exposure in people younger than age 30-years, This page was last edited on 13 December 2022, at 01:14. PMLE affects all ages, sexes, races and ethnicities. Winter occurrences likely due to solariums (tanning facilities) or a holiday to a sunnier climate. Accurate diagnosis relies on the exclusion of other photosensitive conditions. Gruber-Wackernagel A, Byrne SN, Wolf P. Polymorphous light eruption: clinic aspects and pathogenesis. She remembers having had the same problems last year. In PMLE patients, UV radiation leads to an increased amount of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes, and an increased inflammatory response in the epidermis and dermis. //Polymorphous light eruption - Case history | BMJ Best Practice US Actas dermo-sifiliograficas. However, it may be genetic. Polymorphous light eruption - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
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