1932 german presidential election

4 Unemployment figures for March 31, 1932, were 6,031,000, of which 1,579,000 received regular unemployment insurance, 1,744,000 emergency aid. Who were the candidates in the presidential election of 1932 in Germany? Hitler's appointment as Chancellor, 1933 - BBC Bitesize People came out in droves and cast their votes to give the Reichstag to the Nazis and they really believed that they were making the right choice. President Paul At the end of World War I, the country was crippled. Vllcischer Beobachter, April 5, 1932, p. 2Google Scholar. [2] In March 1930, the governing grand coalition of the pro-republican partiesthe Social Democratic Party (SPD), the Centre Party and both liberal partiescollapsed. Down with Bolshevism; 5. Business must serve the people; 6. outside academe in government, research, organizations, consulting firms, the Mrz, 1932, report published by the minister of the Department of the Interior. While most APSA members are scholars who teach and conduct Incumbent President Paul von Hindenburg was 84 years old and in poor health. first published in November 1906 and appearing quarterly, is the The Nazis made a mistake of marching with the Communists to support transport workers, thus alienating a lot of middle class voters. Newly-appointed Chancellor Adolf Hitler, at the window of the Chancellery, waves at his supporters. The threat of Hitler caused many on the left to support Hindenburg; at the same time, Hindenburg's failure to overturn the Weimar Republic had disappointed many of those who had supported him in 1925. Federal elections were held in Germany on 31 July 1932, following the premature dissolution of the Reichstag. Hitler had Rhm executed without trial, which encouraged the army and other reactionary forces within the country to urge Hitler to further consolidate his power by merging the presidency and the chancellorship. All of these companies are now members of a central organization really under the control of the Post Office Department, which holds 51 per cent of the stock of the central organization, which in turn controls 55.1 per cent of the capital of the member companies. The German National People's Party in an earlier election, drives through the streets with an anti-semitic poster on their truck. Mnchner Stadtmuseum, Munich, Germany 2014.jpg, Nazi Party (NSDAP) election poster Germany 1932. Communist Party (KPD) leader Ernst Thlmann also ran and received more than ten percent of the vote in the runoff. Brning recognized that only a general support from the right would induce Hindenburg to announce his readiness for candidacy. However, in 1932, this part of the political spectrum decided to unite with the moderate right in supporting Hindenburg to prevent Hitler's election. Gesetz ber die Wahl des Reichsprsidenten, March 6, 1924, par. By the 1930s, the skilled propaganda campaigns of the Nazi Party had transformed Adolf Hitler from a little known extremist to a leading candidate for President. [2] However, at the end of May 1932, Hindenburg was persuaded to dismiss Brning as chancellor and replaced him with Franz von Papen, a renegade from the Centre Party, and a non-partisan "Cabinet of Barons". Those close to the president wanted a cozier relationship to Hitler and the Nazis. Last chance to attend a Grade Booster cinema workshop before the exams. From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core, Internationaler Sozialistischer Kampfbund, https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=German_presidential_election,_1932&oldid=3667221, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2015, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, About Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. But Hitler was not appeased. Critical Thinking Questions What can artifacts such as this one tell us about life in Germany before the Nazi rise to power? The 1932 German presidential election was held on 13 March, with a runoff on 10 April. Presidential Despite becoming a German citizen (and thus eligible for public office) only on 25 February 1932, Hitler hoped to use the presidency to overturn the Weimar Constitution and establish a dictatorship. Saving the farmer means saving the German nation; 4. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository, Elecciones presidenciales de Alemania de 1932; 1932; eleiciones presidenciales d'Alemaa de 1932; eleccions presidencials alemanyes de 1932; Reichsprsidentenwahl 1932; 1932.; 1932; prsidentvalget i Tyskland 1932; 1932 Almanya cumhurbakanl seimleri; 1932; Presidentvalet i Tyskland 1932; 1932; 1932; 1932; 1932 ; elezioni presidenziali tedesche del 1932; lection prsidentielle allemande de 1932; 1932; 1932; Eleio presidencial na Alemanha em 1932; 1932.; Saksan presidentinvaalit 1932; ; 1932; Pemilihan umum Presiden Jerman 1932; Wybory prezydenckie w Niemczech w 1932 roku; 1932 ; 1932; Duitse presidentsverkiezing 1932; 1932; 1932; Predsedniki izbori u Nemakoj 1932.; 1932 German presidential election; 1932; 1932; Presidentvalget i Tyskland 1932; Election in Germany between Paul von Hindenburg and Adolf Hitler. Wer hilft? They promised to tear up the Treaty of Versailles, refuse to pay their debts, and take back the land that had been taken from them after the war. President Hindenburg stood for election in 1932 against a backdrop of economic crisis and rising political tensions. Hindenburg Two successive federal elections later that year left it as the largest party in the Reichstag and anti-republic parties in the majority. It is not necessary for the president of Germany to be a native-born citizen. This page was last edited on 24 January 2022, at 00:11. Hostname: page-component-75b8448494-wwvn9 The three main candidates were: President. The 1932 Elections He scored higher election results in traditional Social Democratic and Centre strongholds such as the Prussian Rhine Province or Saxony. On April 13, 1932, President von Hindenburg issued a special decree abolishing these National Socialist organizations. This would be the last presidential election in what would become West Germany and East Germany until 1949. On May 29 he dismissed his intercessor Chancellor Brning and appointed Franz von Papen, a declared anti-democrat, his successor. The American Political Science Review There were actually five major elections in 1932. 68Google Scholar. A truck drives by, covered in propaganda calling on the people to keep Paul von Hindenburg as President of Germany and keep the fascists out. German election 1932 discipline. 1932 American Political Science Association Web1932 German presidential election; Metadata. Company Reg no: 04489574. You can navigate days by using left and right arrows. VAT reg no 816865400. Then, in 1924, a war profiteering and corruption scandal in the German government between former Chancellor Gustav Bauer and the Jewish Barmat brothers merchants brought on a whole new wave of anti-Semitism and distrust in the government. May Brning resigned as Chancellor. Hitler and his Sturmabteilung paramilitary group lead a massive rally of supporters. preeminent political science journal in the United States and This November vote was the last democratic national election held in prewar Germany. But that was not enough for Hitler either. For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions APSA Request Permissions, Published By: American Political Science Association. science and contains an extensive book review section of the WebThe 1932 German presidential election was held on 13 March, with a runoff on 10 April. 16 See Lewinsohn, Richard, Das Geld in der Politik (S. Fischer, 1931), pp. WebThe 1932 German presidential election was held on 13 March, with a runoff on 10 April. Results of the second round of the 1932 German presidential election by administrative district (Kreis), indicating the most popular candidate. The results of the two rounds were: March 1932: Hindenburg, 18 million votes (49.6%); Hitler, 11 million votes (30%); Thlmann, 5 million votes (14%). In the first round on March 13 no candidate obtained an absolute majority of the votes cast, though Hindenburg with 49.6% failed only by a narrow margin. When was the presidential election of 1932? The elections also saw the Nazi Party rise to national prominence,[2] gaining 95 seats. 214 High Street, Papens policies failed on another front: His authoritarian rule alienated his supporters, and he too was forced to resign. English: Results of the second round of the 1932 election of the German Reich President, The men choosing Hitler are prominent What were the results of the presidential election of 1932? In the second round, the candidate receiving a plurality of votes would be elected. A crowd of supporters swarm around Hitler's car. In the first round of voting Hindenburg achieved 49.6% of the votes - just short of the required 50% to be determined the winner (Hitler won 30%). Fact or fiction: Adolf Hitler won an election Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! WebThe 1932 German presidential elections were held on 13 March (first round) and 10 April (second round run-off). DNVP and Stahlhelm abstained from making any recommendations, while the Agricultural League and the industrialist Fritz Thyssen declared themselves in favour of Hitler. Under this political climate, Hindenburg appointed Hitler as Chancellor of Germany in January 1933. In February 1933, Hitler blamed a devastating Reichstag fire on the communists (its true cause remains a mystery) and convinced President Hindenburg to sign a decree suspending individual and civil liberties, a decree Hitler used to silence his political enemies with false arrests. 1932 German Elections Ephemera Collection: An Inventory of the The incumbent President, Paul von Hindenburg, first elected in 1925, was re-elected to a second seven-year term of office. Hitler succeeded Hindenburg as head of state upon his death in 1934, whereafter he abolished the office entirely, and replaced it with the new position of Fhrer und Reichskanzler ("Leader and Reich Chancellor"), cementing his rule. For a complete list, see Handbuch der Weltpresse (Carl Duncker, 1931)Google Scholar. Results and seat distribution by electoral constituency. 8 Organisationsbudh des Reichs-Landbundes (1930), p. 10Google Scholar. That inevitably led to clashes with the Communist paramilitary. The Nazis put Hitler on the ballot paper to Upon Hindenburg's death in 1934 Hitler de facto assumed the presidency, which he combined with the chancellorship to become the Fhrer und Reichskanzler. 6 Handbuch fr das Deutsche Reich (1931), pp. Federal elections were held in Germany on 31 July 1932, following the premature dissolution of the Reichstag. The Nazi Party made significant gains and became the largest party in the Reichstag for the first time, although they failed to win a majority. The Communist Party increased their vote share as well. The expectations of the Communists presenting "the only left candidate" were not fulfilled, nevertheless they continued their fight against the policies of the Social Democrats and nominated Thlmann for the second round on April 10. On August 19, 1934, Adolf Hitler, already chancellor, is also elected president of Germany in an unprecedented consolidation of power in the short history of the republic. All other parties combined held less than half the seats in the Reichstag, meaning no majority coalition government could be formed without including at least one of these two parties. There were two presidential elections; there were two national elections; and there was a big Prussian The September 1930 elections produced a highly fragmented Reichstag, making the formation of a stable government impossible. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. While it's easy to forget or misunderstand this, during the 1932 federal elections, nearly 14 million Germans voted for Hitler, the Nazis, and fascism. Hitler then proceeded to purge the Brown Shirts (his storm troopers), the head of which, Ernst Rhm, had begun voicing opposition to the Nazi Partys terror tactics. After this look at the Hitler election of 1932, check out these pictures of the Nazi propaganda machine and life in Nazi Germany. Jahrbuch der Deutschen Sozialdemocratie (1930), p. 303Google Scholar. APSR features research from all fields of political The last election had been held in 1925. Election poster 1932 Citizens and workers must become Germans; 2. Hitler toured the country giving speeches. Und tut ihr es nicht aus Liebe, so tut es aus Hass. Leading editorial, Von Ebertzu Hitler? in the principal organ of the Social Democratic party, Vorwrts, February 28, 1932. The problem was settled (in the second attempt) by Dietrich Klagges, Nazi state minister in Brunswick, when he appointed him a government official. 12 Hitler became a German citizen shortly before the election by becoming an official of the government of the state of Braunschweig, one of the seventeen German Lnder. publications and programs, please see the APSA website. It's a dark, On the far-right, the Harzburg Front collapsed, when the DNVP nominated the Stahlhelm leader Theodor Duesterberg as its own candidate. None (Papen remained as unelected Chancellor). Hindenburg "useRatesEcommerce": false APSR, 1932 German Presidential Election However, both party leaders, unified in the Harzburg Front alliance of October 1931, rejected his proposals. 5 Dr.Kaisenberg, Georg, Die Wahl des Beichsprsidenten (Carl Heymanns, 1932), supp. 18 The Hindenburg parties were: the German People's party, Agricultural party, German Hannoverian party, People's party, Christian Socialists, Center party, Bavarian People's party, Farmers' League, Economic, Democratic, and Social Democratic parties. A couple look over the campaign signs that have taken over a street post, including a small swastika up in the corner. Nazi supporters march in celebration after hearing that Hitler has been appointed Chancellor of Germany. Hitler's results were a great disappointment to him, nevertheless the Nazi Party recorded further gains compared with the 1930 Reichstag election. This page was last edited on 4 April 2023, at 00:08. WebWhat were the results of the presidential election of 1932? Articles with the HISTORY.com Editors byline have been written or edited by the HISTORY.com editors, including Amanda Onion, Missy Sullivan and Matt Mullen. 02 September 2013. A plebiscite vote was held on August 19. Party representatives stand outside a polling station during the federal election, holding their placards high. WebIn the presidential elections of 1932, Nazi propagandists appealed to Germans left unemployed and destitute by the Great Depressionwith an offer of a savior. With this fear removed after the results of the election were known, belief in Hitler's promise gave way to distrust and a desire to cripple the movement. 17 Frankfurter Zeitung, April 12, 1932, p. 2Google Scholar. 1932 German presidential election What did Germany do to the Rhineland? All articles are regularly reviewed and updated by the HISTORY.com team. Hindenburg remained the only independent politician elected president of Germany until the election of Joachim Gauck nearly 80 years later. March 1932: Hindenburg, 18 million votes (49.6%); Hitler, 11 million votes (30%); Thlmann, 5 million votes (14%). German Presidential Election (1932) | History | tutor2u Communist Party (KPD) leader Ernst Thlmann also ran and received more than five percent of the vote in the runoff. Has data issue: false election Web1932 April Presidential election. Boston House, April 1932: Hindenburg, 19 million votes (53%); Hitler, 13 million votes (36%); Thlmann, 4 million votes (11%). Original file (SVG file, nominally 726 572 pixels, file size: 3.64 MB). We strive for accuracy and fairness. Adolf Hitler speaks to a crowd, outlining his vision of a fascist Germany and trying to sway voters. Joseph Goebbels, the Nazi head of propaganda, waves at Hitler as he passes by in his car. He then made a common cause with Hitler, persuading President Hindenburg to appoint Hitler chancellor and himself vice-chancellor. 13 There are at present in Germany ten broadcasting companies, with sixteen substations. Hindenburg failed to receive the requisite majority of votes in the first round, but was able to win reelection in the runoff. 24 On April 5, 1932, Hitler published his program, the section headings of which were: 1. } It's a dark, dirty secret of history that we don't like to acknowledge, but the rise of German fascism began with a democratic election. ), Jahrbuch der Berufsverbnde im Deutschen Reiche, Geschftsbericht des Deutschen Beamtenbundes. March 7, 1936 Hitler Reoccupies the Rhineland The area known as the Rhineland was a strip of German land that borders France, Belgium, and the Netherlands. Under the Weimar system, the presidency was a powerful office and, following his re-election, Hindenburg played an important role in the coming to power of the Nazis, reluctantly appointing Hitler as Chancellor of Germany in January 1933. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. WebNovember 1932 Election. Foreign Governments and Politics: The German brings together political scientists from all fields of inquiry, regions, and news media, and private enterprise. The authority of leadership The Democratic Parties, united under a single banner, drive through the streets of Germany trying to rally the people to keep the fascists and the communists out. This page was last modified on 11 November 2015, at 00:18. President Hindenburg stood for election in 1932 against a backdrop of economic crisis and rising political tensions. The Nazis put Hitler on the ballot paper to stand against Hindenburg. In the first round of voting Hindenburg achieved 49.6% of the votes - just short of the required 50% to be determined the winner (Hitler won 30%). Hindenburg got 18,651,497 votes or 49%. WebUnused ballot distributed for the first round of the 1932 Presidential election in Germany held March 12. Chancellor Heinrich Brning steps out of the polling station after casting his vote against Hitler. The German Presidental Election of 1932 - cambridge.org 1932 German presidential election The Nazi Party lost the presidential election, but they didn't give up. Others were supported by private or local aid. Hindenburg, who owed his election the support of the Social Democrats, took office with little enthusiasm. Hindenburg died of lung cancer on August 2, 1934. They were voted in. Indeed, it would have been very hard to win a one-party majority in the Weimar Republic - no parties did so. Since 1929, Germany had been suffering from the Great Depression; unemployment had risen from 8.5% to nearly 30% between 1929 and 1932, while industrial production dropped by around 42%. They'd been forced to sign the Treaty of Versailles, including its War Guilt Clause, which put the full blame for the war squarely on Germany's shoulders along with its expenses. [1] Independent incumbent Paul von Hindenburg won a second seven-year term against Adolf Hitler of the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP). In March 1932, the presidential elections began as a three-way race between the incumbent Hindenburg, supported by pro-democratic parties, against Hitler on the one hand and the Communist Ernst Thlmann on the other. Adolf Hitler becomes president of Germany - History Citizens and workers must become Germans; 2. Wahlgang der Reichsprsidentenwahl.jpg, Reichsprsidentenwahl 1932 - 1. WebResults of the second round of the 1932 German presidential election by administrative district (Kreis), indicating the most popular candidate. Papen called an election in November after a vote of no confidence. Hindenburg had contempt for the Nazis lawlessness but ultimately agreed to oust his chancellor, Heinrich Bruning, for Franz von Papen, who was willing to appease the Nazis by lifting the ban on Hitlers Brown Shirts and unilaterally canceling Germanys reparation payments, imposed by the Treaty of Versailles at the close of World War I. Voters cast their ballots at Potsdamer Platz, where a sign asking people to vote for Hitler hangs above the entrance. Category : German presidential election (1932) - Wikimedia The 1932 German presidential elections were held on 13 March (first round) and 10 April (second round run-off). [1] They were the second and final direct elections to the office of President of the Reich ( Reichsprsident ), Germany's head of state under the Weimar Republic. Fact or fiction: Adolf Hitler won an election in 1932 - DW Under the electoral law, a candidate who received an absolute majority of votes (i.e. People's life savings were so worthless that they burned them as kindling. Slowly, the fascist, racist Nazi Party seemed, to some people, like a solution to the country's problems. This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. The NSDAP, whose members were known as "Nazis", had risen from being a fringe group to the second-largest party in the Reichstag. He was now, for all intents and purposes, dictator. The election campaign took place under violent circumstances, as Papen lifted the token ban on the SA, the Nazi paramilitary, which Brning had put in place during the last days of his administration. We choose Hinderburg is written in pseudo-Hebrew font and his supporters are men who brought shame on Germany with the Versailles Treaty, as well as years of social unrest and hyperinflation. WebRM HP9DJW women to vote,Reichstag election,National Socialist Germany in 1932 RM 2G0PBGR A vintage Nazi election poster from 1932 saying Work and Bread through National Socialism RM BA5PXX Wahlt Sozialdemokraten 1932 poster to vote Social Democrat The People Are Dying Under This System of Nazi government The same was true of Hitler in 1932. Behind him, a man holds up a poster with Hitler's face. Hitler's rage-filled ideas of racial superiority then started to seem more palatable to the people of Germany. Summary Licensing I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Unused ballot for the referendum to dissolve the Prussian Nationally, German politics of the 1920s was characterised by a succession of multi-party governments bringing together social democrats or SDPs with parties of the centre and centre right. How Hitler And The Nazi Party Convinced Germany To Vote For Fascism, Mark Oliver is a writer, teacher, and father whose work has appeared on The Onion's StarWipe, Yahoo, and Cracked, and can be found on his, "The Most Bizarre Dinosaur Ever Found" Just Solved A Huge Evolutionary Mystery, Why An Australian Senator Wore A Burqa To Parliament (VIDEO), What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch.

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