Aztec God Quetzalcoatl: A Complete Guide (2022) - MythologySource Also called One-Reed and Ce-Acatl, Topiltzin-Quetzalcoatl founded a dynasty that would last until 1070CE.[3]. Hello everyone, I hope you are all doing well and staying safe. A typical portrayal of the Feathered Serpent. Quetzalcoatl. Mythopedia, 24 Jan. 2023. https://mythopedia.com/topics/quetzalcoatl. [11] That period lies within the Late Preclassic to Early Classic period (400 BC 600 AD) of Mesoamerican chronology; veneration of the figure appears to have spread throughout Mesoamerica by the Late Classic period (600900AD). Most Mesoamerican beliefs included cycles of suns. Dated to around 900 BC, it depicts a serpent rising up behind a person probably engaged in a shamanic ritual. Proven Success. The first century of the Toltec civilization was dominated by the Teotihuacn culture, with its inspired ideals of priestly rule and peaceful behaviour. Children born during 1 Reed were thought to be ill-fortuned, and the calendar foretold that all they gained in life would be taken by the wind (Sahagn, book III, chapter VIII). First discovered in 1971,Quetzalcoatlusstood nearly 10 feet tall and had a wingspan of at least 36 feet. Menu. [7], Other versions of the legend featured Quetzalcoatl discovering a great mountain of seeds that he could not move by himself. Xochiquetzal - Mythopedia Privacy Policy. Updates? Our proposal is XICOME: The Call of Quetzalcoatl, offering a message of peace and hope from Mexico and unify the Sacred Fires in an intercultural alliance with the Nations of England. Those bones he anointed with his own blood, giving birth to the men who inhabit the present universe. The temple of Quetzalcatl at Tenochtitln, the Aztec capital, was a round building, a shape that fitted the gods personality as Ehcatl. The myth reports that during the 5th Sun, Quetzalcoatl spotted a red ant carrying a maize kernel.He followed the ant and reached the place where maize grew, the "Mountain of Sustenance", or Tonacatepetl (Ton-ah-cah-TEP-eh-tel) in Nahua. Entwined in the annals of history, both god and historical figure became one. The above image presents the solar maize god in the ball-court canoe, also called One Hunahpu, the father of the hero twins in the creation account. quetzalcoatl offerings Each bout of fighting brought one of the four epochs of Aztec history to an end, ultimately ending with Tezcatlipoca in control of the fifth (and current) age. From the smoking remains rose the morning star, Venus, who is represented by Quetzalcoatl in his guise of Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli. God of the Month: Quetzalcoatl - mexicolore.co.uk The date 9 Wind is known to be associated with fertility, Venus and war among the Maya and frequently occurs in relation to Quetzalcoatl in other Mesoamerican cultures. Although probably not exactly a depiction of the same feathered-serpent deity worshipped in classic and post-classic periods, it shows the continuity of symbolism of feathered snakes in Mesoamerica from the formative period and on, for example in comparison to the Maya Vision Serpent shown below. Quetzalcoatl was often represented as the life-giving wind, with a beak or mask protruding from his face. Accessed June 29, 2019.https://www.jstor.org/stable/982343. Later, Xavier and the Aztecs summon Quetzalcoatl in his mortal form and wind up angering him after cutting him open. The god Quetzalcoatl then descended to the underworld and retrieved the bones of former humans from the previous four eras. This confederacy engaged in almost seventy-five years of nearly continuous conflict with the Aztec Empire of the Triple Alliance until the arrival of Corts. Handbook of Mesoamerican Mythology. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Follow the link below to read more about Quetzalcoatl-Ehcatl Quetzalcoatl-Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli, the Morning StarThe legend of Ce Acatl Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl goes on to tell us that after a long pilgrimage towards the east, our hero found himself so thoroughly defeated by his brother Tezcatlipoca that he threw himself on a burning pyre in an act of self-sacrifice. Ashamed of what he had done, Topilitzin-Quetzalcoatl departed Tula and set out for the sea. [12] In the Postclassic period (9001519AD), the worship of the feathered-serpent deity centered in the primary Mexican religious center of Cholula. [18][need quotation to verify]. [43] In a 1986 paper for Sunstone, he noted that during the Spanish Conquest, the Native Americans and the Catholic priests who sympathized with them felt pressure to link Native American beliefs with Christianity, thus making the Native Americans seem more human and less savage. [10], The earliest known documentation of the worship of a Feathered Serpent occurs in Teotihuacan in the first century BC or first century AD. He was a patron of many crafts such as writing, and metal and stone work and represented workers of these crafts. Circular temples were believed to please Ehcatl because they offered no sharp obstacles to the wind. The great gods Quetzalcoatl and Tezcatlipoca ripped the creature into pieces to create the earth and sky and all other things such as mountains, rivers and springs came from her various body parts. Quetzalcoatl is the most recognizable name among the Aztec gods. There is no question that the legend of Quetzalcoatl played a significant role in the colonial period. Album: Esperanto Slang [ALBUM]Track: 11 of 12Title: Quetzalcoatl OfferingArtist: Captain PlanetLabel: Bastard Jazz RecordingsCat#: BJLP06Formats: DigitalDigital Release: 6th October 2014Physical Release: 13th October 2014About This Release:Globe-trotting beatmaker Captain Planet returns to soundsystems worldwide with his hotly anticipated Topiltzin-Quetzalcoatl maintained order across his domain and even eschewed the practice of human sacrifice. The god gave the cocoa to the Toltec people, and taught their women to make drinking chocolate. [citation needed], In the Codex Chimalpopoca, it is said Quetzalcoatl was coerced by Tezcatlipoca into becoming drunk on pulque, cavorting with his older sister, Quetzalpetlatl, a celibate priestess, and neglecting their religious duties. Were building the worlds most authoritative, online mythology resource, with engaging, accessible content that is both educational and compelling to read. These writers may have misinterpreted a speech Moctezuma gave to Cortes, or simply invented the idea because it fit their historical expectations. Codex Maglabechiano, fol. In order to do this, Quetzalcoatl had to sneak into the underworld ofMictlanand trickMictlantecuhtliand Mictecacihuatl, the Lord and Lady of Death, into giving him the bones they guarded. Other deposits related to warfare and sacrifice, containing items like human . With the seeds laid bare,Tlaloc, a rain god often associated with Quetzalcoatl, proceeded to snatch them up and scatter them across the land.[8]. This man and woman had a son named Pilcetecli. Because there were . Name of God: Quetzalcoatl or Feathered Serpent. Were building the worlds most authoritative, online mythology resource, with engaging, accessible content that is both educational and compelling to read. The Dragon and the Feathered Serpent: Quetzalcoatl and the - LinkedIn Quetzalcatl's Flee - Pre Columbian Narrativas of Mesoamerica The name of theKiche Maya deity Ququmatzmeant Quetzal Serpent while theYucatec Maya god Kukulkantranslated to the less specific Feathered Serpent.. Fang and Feather: The origin of avian-serpent imagery at Teotihuacan and symbolic interaction with jaguar iconography in Mesoamerica.Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research, 7 (2017): 1826. [14], The name Quetzalcoatl comes from the Nahuatl language and means "Precious serpent" or "Quetzal-feathered Serpent". Additionally, at least one major cache of offerings includes knives and idols adorned with the symbols of more than one god, some of which were adorned with wind jewels. Quetzalcoatl: From Feathered Serpent to Creator God 22(Click on image to enlarge), Pic 8: Bust of Quetzalcoatl (R), British Museum; drawing of Quetzalcoatl-Ehcatl (R) based on the Codex Borbonicus(Click on image to enlarge), Pic 9: Quetzalcoatl-Tlahuizpantecuhtli, god of Venus. 23 - Pre Columbian Narratives. 116 (June 1884), 618. Quetzalcoatl slithers along the border. In 1980, the mintage for the piece is listed as 266,899,999. Offerings of flowers and libations were given to Xochiquetzal. Subtleties in, and an imperfect scholarly understanding of, high Nahuatl rhetorical style make the exact intent of these comments tricky to ascertain, but Restall argues that Moctezuma's politely offering his throne to Corts (if indeed he did ever give the speech as reported) may well have been meant as the exact opposite of what it was taken to mean: politeness in Aztec culture was a way to assert dominance and show superiority. He first donned bird-like features in the Olmec period (1400-400 BC), becoming a Quetzal-feathered Serpent in the Classic period (200-900 AD), long before the Aztecs were around (1325-1521 AD). He accompanies the sun across the sky during the day. Under the guise of wind, he was called Quetzalcoatl-Ehcatl and was considered a great cultural hero. While he was responsible for creating humanity and providing them with their staple crops, it was his brother Tezcatlipoca that ultimately ruled the modern era. [1]Depictions of the Feathered Serpent usually took the form of a carved snake head placed upon a wall, with further relief carvings depicting feathers or birds. (PDF) Morphometrics and compositional classes. The study of Aztec Sacrifice - World History Encyclopedia You can see from the mural pictured here (pic 1) that he was represented in Cacaxtla (east of Mexico City) around 600 AD and Teotihuacan around 200 AD (pic 2). Codex Borgia, fol.19(Click on image to enlarge), Pic 10: Aztec stone sculpture of Xolotl, National Anthropology Museum, Mexico City (Wikipedia)(Click on image to enlarge), Pic 11: Quetzalcoatl-Ehcatl (upper-right). Among the Aztecs, the name Quetzalcoatl was also a priestly title, as the two most important priests of the Aztec Templo Mayor were called "Quetzalcoatl Tlamacazqui". [5] It was one of several important gods in the Aztec pantheon, along with the gods Tlaloc, Tezcatlipoca and Huitzilopochtli. The story of the life of the Mexican divinity, Quetzalcoatl, closely resembles that of the Savior; so closely, indeed, that we can come to no other conclusion than that Quetzalcoatl and Christ are the same being. He is featured on the left in the upper and lower panels of the page. The bottom left-hand symbol is for wind. Bird, Snake, Dog, Wind, Priest, Roadsweeper even Planet! Accessed June 29, 2019.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feathered_Serpent. Quetzalcatl, Mayan name Kukulcn, (from Nahuatl quetzalli, tail feather of the quetzal bird [Pharomachrus mocinno], and coatl, snake), the Feathered Serpent, one of the major deities of the ancient Mexican pantheon. Meehan, E. (2023, January 24). His sea voyage to the east should probably be connected with the invasion of Yucatn by the Itz, a tribe that showed strong Toltec features. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Evidence of such worship comes from the iconography of different Mesoamerican cultures, in which serpent motifs occur frequently. In an example from Yaxchilan, the Vision Serpent has the human face of the young maize-god, further suggesting a connection to fertility and vegetational renewal; the Maya Young Maize god was also connected to Venus. Quetzalcoatl was a large man. offering to Quetzalcoatl on behalf of a deceased friend A 2012 exhibition at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art and the Dallas Museum of Art, "The Children of the Plumed Serpent: the Legacy of Quetzalcoatl in Ancient Mexico", demonstrated the existence of a powerful confederacy of Eastern Nahuas, Mixtecs and Zapotecs, along with the peoples they dominated throughout southern Mexico between 1200 and 1600 (Pohl, Fields, and Lyall 2012, Harvey 2012, Pohl 2003). The archaeological record shows that after the fall of Teotihuacan that marked the beginning of the epi-classic period in Mesoamerican chronology around 600 AD, the cult of the feathered serpent spread to new religious and political centers in central Mexico, centers such as Xochicalco, Cacaxtla and Cholula. In this period the deity is known to have been named Quetzalchutl by his Nahua followers. Chimalma later married Mixcoatl, but the two were unable to conceive. Two other gods represented by the planet Venus are Tlaloc (ally and the god of rain) and Xolotl (psychopomp and its twin). In theFinal Fantasyvideo game series, Quetzalcoatl was a recurring summon or creature. Quetzalcoatl was instrumental in creating people to populate thefifth age. Sir Terry Pratchetts novelEricincluded a parody of Quetzalcoatl in the form of a demon namedQuezovercoatl. Meehan, Evan. quetzalcoatl offerings - morris-industrial.com It is centered on the Plaza de las Tres Culturas.On one side of the square is this excavated Tlatelolco site, on a second is the oldest European school of higher learning in the Americas called the Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, and on the . [5]During this time, it was conceivable that Quetzalcoatl could defeat his brother once more and regain power. Quetzalcoatl remained a potent figure well after the Spanish had conquered the New World. The business-strike 5 Pesos featuring the stone head of Quetzalcoatl was a mass-production issue that was produced from 1980 until 1985. The first culture to use the symbol of a feathered serpent as an important religious and political symbol was that of Teotihuacan. Quetzalcoatlhe was the wind, the guide and road sweeper of the rain gods, of the masters of the water, of those who brought rain. Some scholarship maintains the view that the Aztec Empire's fall may be attributed in part to the belief in Corts as the returning Quetzalcoatl, notably in works by David Carrasco (1982), H. B. Nicholson (2001 (1957)) and John Pohl (2016). And when the wind rose, when the dust rumbled, and it crack and there was a great din, became it became dark and the wind blew in many directions, and it thundered; then it was said: "[Quetzalcoatl] is wrathful. He often wore a conical cap made from the skin of the jaguar and a cloak made from the feathers of the quetzal bird. Thank you all for your time, I hope you all have a great day. commerce bank routing number kansas . Franciscans then equated the original Quetzalcoatl with Thomas and imagined that the Indians had long-awaited his return to take part once again in God's kingdom. Other gods had already attempted to retrieve the maize by moving the mountains, but their efforts had all been unsuccessful. quetzalcoatl offeringslgbt friendly doctors richmond, valgbt friendly doctors richmond, va 77 heartbreaks ending explained. Eventually Quetzalcoatl was transformed into one of the gods of the creation (Ipalnemohuani). Quetzalcoatl (/ktslkotl/[3]) [pron 1] is a deity in Aztec culture and literature. 116 (June 1884): 616-651. Cholula remained the most important center of worship of Quetzalcoatl, the Aztec/Nahua version of the feathered-serpent deity, in the post-classic period. I have a personal philosophy in life: If somebody else can do something that I'm doing, they should do it. Round monuments occur particularly often in Huastec territory. It is uncertain what happened next. In addition to his guise as a plumed serpent, Quetzalcatl was often represented as a man with a beard, and, as Ehcatl, the wind god, he was shown with a mask with two protruding tubes (through which the wind blew) and a conical hat typical of the Huastec people of east-central Mexico. garden grove police activity yesterday; airigh 'n eilean; . Accessed June 29, 2019.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quetzalcoatl. Among the Aztecs, it was related to wind, Venus, Sun, merchants, arts, crafts, knowledge, and learning. Captain Planet - Quetzalcoatl Offering - YouTube 0:00 / 4:49 Captain Planet - Quetzalcoatl Offering Bastard Jazz 14.8K subscribers Subscribe 400 40K views 8 years ago Download & Stream:. The significance of this combined name: quetzal (a beautiful feathered bird) and coatl (a serpent) revealed divinity. Eric. Quetzalcoatl played many roles in ancient Aztec mythology, so it's difficult to pin down just one. The return of Topiltzin-Quetzalcoatl, who had departed to the east by sea, certainly seemed like a possibility to the Aztec nobility as they considered the arrival of these seafaring newcomers. To both Teotihuacan and Maya cultures, Venus was in turn also symbolically connected with warfare.[21]. The water below is coupled with the fire from the leaning smoking mirror sacrifice above the head of One Hunahpu. By the time the Spanish arrived in the New World, Quetzalcoatl was regarded as the god of wind, patron of priests, and inventor of calendars and books. [22], To the Aztecs, Quetzalcoatl was, as his name indicates, a feathered serpent. Quetzalcoatls role in the Aztec cosmology was complex and multifaceted. Quetzalcoatl and either Huitzilopochtli or Tezcatlipoca (depending upon the myth) were responsible for the creation of the cosmos. Historians debate to what degree, or whether at all, these narratives about this legendary Toltec ruler describe historical events. Quetzalcoatl (pronounced Ket-zal-ko'-wat) was the Aztec version of the Feathered Serpent god that permeated Mesoamerican mythologies. Much of the idea of Corts being seen as a deity can be traced back to the Florentine Codex written down some 50 years after the conquest. Who is Quetzalcoatl? - Boloji.com Physical offerings include copal incense, feathers, Mexican chocolate, and shells. On the right hand side is Quetzalcoatl-Ehcatl.Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli served as patron deity of astrological knowledge and was of profound importance in religious books in the Central Highlands and Oaxaca. Well, legend has it that the cocoa tree was taken from a sacred mountain by the feathered-serpent deity Quetzalcoatl. With his companion Xolotl, a dog-headed god, he was said to have descended to the underground hell of Mictlan to gather the bones of the ancient dead. in History from Georgia State University. [24] A fourth story narrates that Quetzalcoatl was born from Coatlicue, who already had four hundred children who formed the stars of the Milky Way. Accessed June 29, 2019.https://www.inside-mexico.com/the-legend-of-maize/. His hair is red and his body painted with red and white stripes. Quetzalcatls defeat symbolized the downfall of the Classic theocracy. Quetzalcatl - Qu es?, caractersticas, mitos y ms In a version of the myth, Quetzalcoatl was born by a virgin named Chimalman, to whom the god Ometeotl appeared in a dream. Codex Magliabechiano, fol. Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli was considered patron of this calendar (Ylotl Gonzlez-Torres,1991). And over the North presides the Black Tezcatlipoca, known by no other name than Tezcatlipoca, the god of judgment, night, deceit, sorcery and the Earth. Quezovercoatl was described as being half man, half chicken, half jaguar, half serpent, half scorpion, and half mad for a total of three homicidal maniacs.[13]. With this appendage he was able to sweep the roads clean before the arrival of the rain gods (pic 5). In this legend, Mixcoatl shot at Chimalma for spurning his advances. Some offerings contained items related to water, like coral, shells, crocodile skeletons, and vessels depicting Tlaloc. Ruler of the, Nicholson 2001, Carrasco 1982, Gillespie 1989, Florescano 2002, Lafaye 1987, Townsend 2003, Martnez 1980, Phelan 1970. Phillips, Henry Jr. Notes upon the Codex Ramirez, with a Translation of the Same.Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society21, no. These carvings also included a conch shell, which was a symbol of the wind. His ashes rose into the sky and then his heart followed, becoming the morning star (see Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli). Quetzalcoatl (Kukulcan) The Feathered Serpent Of Aztec & Mayan Mythology At that time, maize was located on the other side of a mountain range that surrounded the Aztec homeland. No accounts written by the Aztecs agree with Corts and his men, and Professor Felipe Fernndez-Armesto tells us why (follow the link below), This article was uploaded to the Mexicolore website on Aug 31st 2013, (Written/compiled by Julia Flood/Mexicolore). Often our current time was considered the fifth sun,[29] the previous four having been destroyed by flood, fire and the like.
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